The ice has got under way, the Lord jurymen As is known to any formed person, Ostap Ibragimovich Bendery knew four hundred ways fair ot`ema money at the population. In those days, when, according to legends of veins also created Great Kombinator, it could cause respect. However from heights of today of the son tureckopodannogo can excuse only that it lived long before blossoming IT-industrii. The modern companies have shown, that, honouring the Criminal code, all the same it is possible to fleece a pocket of clients almost in thousand ways. Besides — Bendery was the single so and the today's level of cooperation of the companies did not dream it. notebook pc card The harmonious work allows to do money of air so, that anybody in what it is not guilty, but the same thing can be sold repeatedly. And the user is happy. :) Especially conveniently so to work during an epoch of changes when even there is no time to reflect and count all possible expenses — it is necessary to take, that give. Financial losses will be counted up then by analysts, and to the buyer will get only unenviable uchast' a little pony't' in forums how beautifully it have dissolved. Such situation develops in connection with transition from trunk PCI on PCI Express. In the transition there is nothing terrible, moreover — it already for a long notebook pc card time is necessary. Only developing owing to joint actions of manufacturers the picture does not please. Thus it is necessary to note, transition has begun almost two years ago, and the quantity of problems not only does not decrease, but also grows. In process of updating computer park the increasing quantity of users collides that old payments of expansion cannot be used already, and new still is not present (a situation as in « Gold telenke » — with mute and sound cinema). Thus research of the market shows, that anybody, in general, in what it is not guilty. That notebook pc card the situation was such as is, there are absolutely objective preconditions. But to the buyer from it it is not easier. In what a problem? Manufacturers of chipsets: our hut with edge of Claims to the companies developing and making microcircuits of support, at first sight, no, also cannot be (actually is, but not the greatest). Oni-to just the user in the light future adjust softly enough, not losing compatibility with old decisions. Unless AGP have destroyed "in one step", but also that — not absolutely. ULi (nowadays bought nVidia) has let out a chipset with high-grade support PCI-E and slotom AGP, and VIA with combined AGP/PCI-E-chipsetom. And let there it is not enough lines PCI-E for high-grade support of modern videocards, however compatibility with them is, and 5- %
Productivity not the highest price for full compatibility. As a matter of fact, PT8 Pro/Ultra to definition notebook pc card it is doomed on small, but steady popularity as it is the unique chipset presented in the market, allowing to use dvuh`yaderny'e processors Intel together with memory of type DDR and AGP-videokartami, not losing and opportunities of the subsequent modernization (than cannot brag i865PE, in last audits got support dvuh`yadernikov, but not PCI-E). So and from this party all not so is pitiable. As videocards just confidently enough send to the new standard, therefore in occasion of AGP to shed tears very few people it is necessary. Has worse put is with PCI and focused on its replacement nizkoskorostny'mi variants PCI-E. However, besides, not on fault of manufacturers of chipsets. Even company Intel rather zealously advancing new standards, from PCI to refuse does not gather. Already authentically it is known, that new chipsets notebook pc card of the company which will appear in 2006, will support up to slotov PCI while, for example, the part from them will refuse support Parallel ATA completely. Plans of other companies even less innovative so it is quite possible to speak even about 5- slotah PCI potentially. But even four are already well and to the majority of users enough. A question only, where they? Parent payments unlimited progressivizm So, allow easy to continue to use chipsets old PCI-adaptery' together with new PCI-E. However slotov PCI on modern payments a little. Their manufacturers are Perhaps, guilty? And yes, also is not present. Format AT allowed to use on a payment up to eight slotov expansions, ATH has reduced their number up to seven. In view of that many users in system have all a pair payments of expansion, and more than three-four in a usual mass computer do not happen notebook pc card almost never, restriction quite reasonable. And even that because of the increased complexity of modern payments many manufacturers cannot dissolve seven slotov therefore are limited to six and even five, too does not cause the most part of time of problems (usually, just, problems with distributing arise in case of topovy'h payments with a lot of additional controllers, that significally reduces necessity for payments of expansion). Except for, unless, epoch of changes. Some fault is born also by manufacturers of chipsets when develop referensny'y design. In view of that today something distinct from can be seen it unless in each tenth payment if not in the notebook pc card twentieth, the given factor is important. Also what has offered, for example, nVidia? For ne-SLI payments very quite good design, with use of all possible, from the point of view of the standard, seven slotov: three PCI, three PCI-E 1x and one 16h. At first sight, all is excellent, on the second — horror as slot 16h it is located in the middle! As a result you can easily lose one or even two PCI-slotov (depending on the sizes of system of cooling of a videocard) and with melancholy to observe for absolutely free (but unnecessary) PCI-E 1x. Some manufacturers, however, have reduced number of the last up to two — that were not stirred, but it became easier from it not. Not without reason to one of the most popular notebook pc card payments on nForce Ultra became ASUS A8N-E. The Taiwan selectors have spat on referens. More precisely, platu-to have made on the basis of referensa, but absolutely for other chipset — on A8N-E Ultra costs on PCB for SLI. As a result we have all the same four slota PCI-E (and, with best distribution of lines — if to not consider "main" from the others turn out or two on 1h and one 2h, or one 4h, and, due to has spent on drink in the back wall, compatible and with cards 8h or 16h; full universality) also three PCI, however a videocard is established in the uppermost slot so all sloty' PCI is usual at our full order. Question — what for nVidia did referens-dizayn for nForce4/4X/Ultra if is better it would be to be limited to one for SLI? Posledniy-to is more optimum. If notebook pc card you think, that at other manufacturers of chipsets all is much better, be mistaken. VIA and Intel have offered manufacturers just something similar to volume that has made ASUS. Therefore the first payments on chipsets of these manufacturers were looked not bad. For example, my love Albatron. On a payment only three slota PCI, but all of them can use. The chipset supports lines PCI-E which are distributed all on two slotam therefore the parent payment will easily apprehend also the adapter demanding PCI-E 4h. Though, maybe, it was necessary to be limited and 2h, having hung up on one of lines the network controller from PCI GB to not squeeze out.
On the other hand, these «gigabitny'e» controllers work for % of users in a mode with a speed 1 or notebook pc card Mbit/s so not that is a problem which should be discussed seriously. However, the "high-grade" network is on payments ASUS and Gigabyte, also supplied to three high-grade slotami PCI and pair PCI-E 1x (though one of slotov could be made in that case and 2h). But also in family of payments on K8T8 not without the ugly creature — Abit zachem-to has put three slota PCI-E 1x, having reduced up to two number slotov PCI! Can, engineers Abit know shop, where a blockage of payments with interface PCI-E? Or users often write them letters in which complain of insufficiency of two slotov PCI-E and ask notebook pc card to clean unnecessary sloty' PCI? The Unique explanation, in my opinion, it that it is necessary to compete somehow. For example, declaring the adherence to perspective formats, and this adherence showing. Type, at competitors two modern slota expansions also three become outdated, and at us — on the contrary. And what of them are necessary now — whom it excites? And ASUS recently has managed to do an ill turn, having changed groups slotov places on K8V-XE. Everything, like, the payment — a sheaf from K8T8 is good and southern bridge VT82 perfectly manages passive cooling (to the southern bridge any it is not necessary), even support eSATA is, three slota PCI are present, but... Beside with slotom for a videocard therefore the massive radiator of last can easily deprive with you odnogo-dvuh from them. But two PCI-E 1x are carefully carried downwards payments. To write notebook pc card also about chipsets Intel or ATi forces is not present — there all also. If payments on 915/9 had made distributing with paroy-troykoy PCI-E and a minimum to three slotami PCI (sometimes the last was also four, and, at most « the locomotive of the industry » — Intel) in due course the number slotov PCI-E grew, and PCI — decreased. Not that it has been demanded — simply to advertise more conveniently. Besides — in manufacture is cheaper. Plus a misfortune of last time — SLI/CrossFire. Both these technologies in some cases are quite demanded, however are advertised more strongly, than demanded. Manufacturers of chipsets compete in support of several videocards, manufacturers of parent payments are engaged in the same. In it there are also pluss — for example, notebook pc card distributing of similar payments quite often is better, than at their more simple sisters, and sometimes there is a support of high-speed variants PCI-E which can be useful in due course. However there are also minuses. Two slota PCI-E 16x it already a minus two slota from a maximum. Paru-troyku 1h/2h manufacturers in these cases all the same strive to put, so on PCI places remains a little. At the best is located three slota, more often — two, and, quite often to take advantage it is possible only for one of them. There are also absolutely clinical cases, such, as Gigabyte. A payment dream of fan PCI-E, but in case of PCI... Even notebook pc card if you establish one videocard, it is all the same easily capable to block one of available slotov PCI. If will put two there is a question as will be felt between them with such devices, how a tuner or an audiocard? However, « the Plastic teapot » engineers Gigabyte from me will not receive a prize — there are more advanced competitors. In my opinion, to compete in a nomination « the Most curve decision » with Apple it will not be possible to anybody — the newest topovy'y PowerMac G Quad... Has no any slota PCI! The Machine has turned out as a whole quite good and even inexpensive — a similar workstation from HP, for example, in a notebook pc card close configuration (hardly more powerful processors and wider choice of the software we shall not touch — not it is necessary for all) can cost and than dollars on 5 is more dear. But at bought the second is an opportunity to use a payment with interfaces PCI, PCI-X and PCI-E, and the first still have only last interface, that is actually while almost anything. As a result if in Google to make search on PCI-E almost half of found references — moaning bought Quad and intended something to add to a base configuration. By tone of posts, they are already quite ready to give and these most some hundreds dollars, only there is nobody. Forty years ago joked, that meat in shops is not present because we so quickly we go to communism, that the cattle does not keep up notebook pc card with us — the history repeats. All the same raker are carefully enclosed on all the same place, and many on all of them as come. To an innovative computer not from a hand to support the out-of-date standards, and that new manufacturers of payments of expansion — anybody do not support, as always, is not guilty. However, that who professionally works with a sound, it is possible to tell, has carried. Thanks it is necessary to tell Digidesign which has transferred Pro Tools|HD and on a new hardware platform. Naturally, new opportunities has not increased — PCI - a variant even little bit more universally as supports more than three cards. So, a problem, like would localize. It notebook pc card consists that manufacturers of parent payments cannot or do not wish to establish more than two slotov PCI on modern models, thus not always it is possible to take advantage of all slotami. As a result sloty' PCI become the extremely scarce resource so there is a desire as much as possible to transfer on PCI-E, or on a payment in the form of the integrated controllers. The last, however, is not always possible — not too many payments, for example, have integrated controller FireWire 800. The choice of a payment, being guided on dopy', is not always optimum — "are well packed" topovy'e updatings, however sometimes their purchase is similar to purchase of cafe to drink a cup of coffee. All the same rather fair ot`em money at the population — try to find a payment with rich functionality under Socket notebook pc card 754. Yes, I understand, that the platform is considered budgetary but what to do, if the processor powerful is not required, and functionality is necessary? To overpay for Socket 939, and then also for topovuyu a payment with such socket? Thanks, we shall manage. As the idea of clause at all in increase in complaints in the Universe — as has shown an expert, something for the new trunk to buy it is already possible. Not everything, the truth, about it know — therefore we shall inform. As in due time it was necessary to do a cycle of clauses, telling people, that they can receive today from ports USB unnecessary yesterday, and with PCI-E, similar, it is necessary to act. What from novelties it is accessible today? Yes, later almost two years after the beginning of notebook pc card sales of parent payments with sockets PCI-E in these sockets can for something be inserted! All people Has fun and exults. :) If joking apart, better late, than never. And owing to chipsetostroitelyam we receive something already in the most base variant even on the most "naked" modern mother why it was possible to go through these two years without special shocks. We shall look, that we today can move on PCI-E to unload PCI. We shall speak only about more or less mass variants nizkoskorostnogo the equipment — with videokartami-to all simply.
With them and at once all was simple. Network cards To tell the truth, I thought, notebook pc card that this section will go "hors concours" — as only nVidia has decided to build in gigabitny'y the network controller a chipset, and other manufacturers have preferred external with interface PCI-E. Corresponding chips have appeared on sale simultaneously with parent payments (Intel has pressed :)). However studying of the list of offers of the Moscow firms has shown, what not all so is good. Variants, as a matter of fact, two. Almost dream of the state employee — ST-Lab N260. Small akkuratnen'kaya a payment with interface PCI-E 1x. Somewhat "dark horse" — is used chip Agere ET1310B about which that while is not known is known only. Cost of a payment — 20- dollars. On the one hand, it is a little: though PCI-adaptery' cost dollars notebook pc card on 15, « the whole GB » from them to not pull out. On the other hand, not so it is frequent it it is necessary — quite often and 1 Mbit/s will approach: One more card is simply necessary, and in case of PCI for such can take only 3- dollars. So the price free slota PCI (sirech' a payment for progress) the order of dollars. Tolerantly. If the chip from Agere for any reason frightens you, will help Hewlett Packard. EA833AA to this company is based on chip Broadcom and costs the order of 55- dollars, that quite corresponds to the prices brendovogo the equipment. In general, some choice is. Small, but different price categories. On the other hand, the problem of installation of several wire adapters costs seldom enough — in view of that even one is already established on each notebook pc card modern payment. And to find in sale wireless adapters with interface PCI-E to me yet it was not possible. Basically, nobody prevents to get USB-adapter, the blessing of ports USB is enough — 8-10. But in fact it would be desirable sometimes that nothing acted from the case, except for the aerial, but is not present! We Continue to wait further. Or, really, take USB. Videocards of Videocards I promised to not concern, but pair words all the same I shall tell. Not about variants with interface PCI-E 16x which send on replacement AGP, and about such specific area, as cards with sockets PCI-E 1x. The matter is that PCI-adaptery' until recently were actively used as additional, or on platforms, AGP-slota deprived. The first sphere of application it is strong podsokratil output SLI/CF — the by-effect has appeared an opportunity of simple notebook pc card installation in corresponding payments of pair standard videocards with support up to four monitors. However, maybe, someone is required six. :) As to the second sometimes it is required to use a server platform as very powerful workstation, and there sloty' PCI-E 16x are rare. If they also are, can arise and a situation when "wide" slot it is required for any high-efficiency specific controller, and for a videocard remains that easier. In general, anyway, and in Matrox have solved, that the market of graphic cards with interface PCI-E 1x exists, so on such products it is possible to earn. Result became release Matrox Millennium G5 PCIe — quite high-grade dvuhgolovaya a videocard with interface PCI-E 1x, completely identical old kind G5 in the rest. About three-dimensional the schedule, notebook pc card naturally, can forget at once, but qualitative 2D and for a long time the drivers licked up to shine, together with noiselessness of a card (owing to passive cooling) to you are provided. As well as the opportunity of connection of pair monitors, the truth, in connection with advanced age of original development limited — for digital connection by the maximal sanction is 1280h1024, for analog at presence of two monitors one can work with the sanction not above 1600h12 (the basic — with full 2048h1536). I the adapter on sale has not found In our edges, in bourgeois shops it is notebook pc card found at the price of in area 1 dollarov/evro. The price, certainly, reduces sphere of application of the adapter even more. If you need to connect four monitors much more optimum purchase easily will appear a payment with two slotami PCI-E 16x and a couple of inexpensive standard videocards (the blessing and on them Dual DVI appears, and not so limited, and in case of D-Sub all is much better), however in special cases such videocard is quite capable to be useful. Disk controllers Strangely enough, but mass IDE-kontrollerov with interface PCI-E it was necessary to wait very long in spite of the fact that for a long time already PCI became them udavkoy notebook pc card on a neck. First of all that long was necessary to wait for occurrence of corresponding chips therefore and on parent payments until recently manufacturers integrated PCI-RAID’y' which productivity any more always was enough. A little rescueed unless the increased functionality of modern chipsets owing to what "house" RAID-massiv it was possible to collect easily and forces of the southern bridge. However interest to additional controllers, moreover and with support of last versions of the standard all the same was present. So, for example, payments on the basis of chipsets i915/9 supported only four ports SATA1 with NCQ, and long time used VIA southern bridge VT82 — only such two ports without support NCQ (moreover and with the last SATA300-vinchesterami managed sometimes glyuchit'). nVidia, having made powerful enough disk controller, used it not in all chipsets, sometimes cutting off support SATA300, and sometimes and pair notebook pc card ports. It is clear, that transition with SATA1 on SATA3 can provide only moral satisfaction, instead of increase in productivity, but support NCQ or additional disks are sometimes necessary. Besides nakonec-to external version SATA was finally issued, and even corresponding VJD have started to appear. The port eSATA till now not always meets even on topovy'h payments so the opportunity to receive it has appeared for many attractive. To the aid has come Silicon Image, having let out the inexpensive chip 3132. It is two-port SATA300-kontroller with support of modes RAID both and interface PCI-E 1x. It often enough integrate on parent payments, and separate products it is let out much, and, for all tastes — two internal ports, two external, internal plus external. notebook pc card And even such superuniversal variant, as 2+ (certainly, from four turned out ports it it is simultaneously possible to use only two)! The Prices too quite made — from up to dollars depending on the manufacturer, and, already are on sale in the Moscow retail. Thus, if it is necessary for you to connect a couple of modern winchesters or to provide a computer with port eSATA, to borrow PCI-slot it is not so necessary. If the high-efficiency decision is required, on a payment there will be even one slot, compatible with PCI-E 4x (let even physically it works as 1h), and in a pocket hundred four evergreen universal values on proceeds company Promise is ready to come crackle. The notebook pc card unit represented by a number it SuperTrak EX83 — hardware eight-port SATA3 RAID-kontroller with support of modes 0, 1, 5, 6, and 50. is still a ruler from Areca, constructed on the same, actually, the basic processor. Includes four models supporting 4, 8, or disks. The senior models to consider seriously as the mass decision, is not meaningful, younger, probably, would be interesting, however... First, cost dearly (in our edges even more dearly Promise), secondly, have superfluous functionality for the house, thirdly, the interface. Even the younger model demands PCI-E 8x (what for Gbayt/s to four stores? At all I do not represent), so to find a mass payment together with which it can notebook pc card be used, extremely difficultly. Diligence of engineers Epox at me such houses already are, and at you? :) In case of a server occurrence of such decisions, as balm on soul, but also only. And all — or absolutely unpretentious two-port, is inexpensive and for any parent payment, or the hardware monster with absolutely not house by and corresponding opportunities (and complexities with installation in usual desktop payments). Intermediate decisions while are not present — it is necessary to use only chipsetny'e controllers in case of when it is possible. If to compare to variety of variants for PCI — the sky and the ground! Both on functionality, and by quantity of ports, and at the price of. In due course all this will be accessible and for PCI-E, but, how many still jdat'-to? And something, probably, also will not appear. For example, with PATA-kontrollerami manufacturers of chipsets gradually notebook pc card start to struggle, while users on hands still have still considerable quantity of winchesters quite adequate to solved problems or optical stores. What remains? Or adapters SATA-PATA (by on the average on dollars for a piece), or... Or still to use PCI-kontrollery'. PATA with "congenital" support PCI-E hardly someone will let out, a problem, probably, will solve due to use of already announced bridges PCI-PCI-E 1x, however it too business of the future. External interfaces though something See this adapter from SIIG Inc? Has appeared literally one of these days in Moscow at the price of the order of notebook pc card dollars. On the one hand, dorogovato — similar for PCI it is possible to get for 10-15, and for such money it is quite possible to become and the owner of controller IEEE1394b with PCI-interfeysom. On the other hand, road the spoon by a dinner — at least though one FireWire-adapter on sale has appeared. Such as to much it is necessary — with an additional feed, pair ports, interface PCI-E 1x, moreover and on the chip from Texas Instruments: de facto the leader of the given market seldom sinning problems of compatibility with various devices. Already well. Well, yes not absolutely. 1394a often enough meets and on parent payments (and, at all the most dear) so the problem can be solved in a germ having got a correct payment. Besides if you till now are user Sound Blaster Audigy/Audigy which notebook pc card has not tempted as much as possible reduced the price Audigy SE or ultrafashionable X-Fi one port FireWire will be in your computer and without overexpenditure PCI-slotov. Therefore me in assortment of the company a little bit other device has interested the three-port adapter with support FireWire 8 (such two ports and one contact FireWire 4 for compatibility). To cost, the truth, will be, most likely, more than 1 dollars, but on any modern payment is high-grade can to function two ports FireWire 8 at simultaneous
Use will easily hammer in all digit trunk PCI why practically all adapters digit, and slot PCI are not everywhere. Strange even it turns out — the device to which it is really necessary PCI-E is found, but found in two years after the beginning of sales of parent payments with such slotami, notebook pc card and, is far not on wide sale. However, we shall hope, that in due course the list of production from SIIG, accessible in our edges, becomes wider. The matter is that on a site of the company (and, something, already and in base Price.ru) was possible to find out and exotic enough equipment — adapters CoM-portov, naturally, with interface PCI-E. The "standard" consecutive interface exotic in case of modern parent payments there is gradually no time — once on them was such two ports, the payments which are not having any nowadays come across. In general, and mass devices with such interface nowadays it is not made, however with many have remained on hands of the UPS and the measuring devices notebook pc card connected to COM-portu, and usual analog modems in many fields of activity are practically uncontested. It is necessary to notice, that similar PCI-adapterov we waited very long so on this background the output of payments with interface PCI-E already now extremely pleases. The prices, the truth, low to name difficultly — four-port, for example, the payment costs the order of 1 dollars, besides, that PCI-varianty' even at six ports seldom when cost more expensively dollars. But someone should pay for progress :) Studying of the Internet has shown, that not only SIIG now is engaged in payments of external interfaces under PCI-E. In particular on site Koutech Systems there were two cards one with notebook pc card support only IEEE1394a (three ports), another IEEE1394b (two ports with a speed up to 8 Mbit/s and two more on 4 Mbit/s). Aaxeon, in turn, offers interesting enough payments, such as combined controller IEEE1394b+USB or USB-kontroller (four external ports and one internal). On the one hand, apparently, now more than it is enough ports USB (modern chipsets support 8-10), with another - all of them it is equal it can appear a little — if in a view of deficiency PCI-slotov actively to use accessories with USB-interfeysom. So also such adapters can be useful. Too much 1h it is simple to notice, that practically all made notebook pc card payments are calculated on most nizkoskorostnoy variant PCI-E. Exceptions are only videocards yes equipment rooms RAID-kontrollery' mentioned above. In some cases this approach is quite justified, but not always. Has put at all that only one channel SATA3 is theoretically capable of greater speed of transfer of the information, than PCI-E 1x speed of data transmission on the interface in view of that all rests against mechanics (though occurrence in modern winchesters of Mb of buffer memory together with improvement of algorithms of its work is quite capable to make a situation of less unequivocal) not too strongly affects. But also speed of reading of the information from plates in some models already has reached almost Mb per second so four-port notebook pc card RAID-kontrolleru 2 Mb per second PCI-E 1x will be already a little. However I shall not be surprised, if such controllers will appear the first, and demand will use on bezry'b'e-to. And then already there will be devices,
Calculated on 2h about what it will be direct and it is precisely told in their advertising :) Why manufacturers not can use high-speed variants PCI-E more actively at once? Thanks for it it is necessary to tell to manufacturers of parent payments whom, having tri-chety're free lines PCI-E, in the majority preferred to put tri-chety're slota PCI-E 1x, instead of pair 2h, for example. As a result on hands there is a huge quantity of the payments supporting only the slowest cards (if, certainly, to not leave notebook pc card a videocard for clearing slota 16h). Accordingly, manufacturers of cards of expansion are obliged to consider the given situation. However, in due course it will vary — free lines PCI-E becomes more and more and more so manufacturers even at desire will not manage to start up all of them on sloty' 1h. But while it is true only for topovy'h payments. Time total Has come to bring some results. We have localized a problem — it consists that manufacturers of parent payments within the limits of competitive struggle together with vodoyu are ready to splash out from a font and the child. Modern chipsets support essentially more PCI-slotov, is rather than placed on payments. Thus some users, probably, soon will be in time once again proapgreydit' a computer, and not having notebook pc card taken advantage of any slotom PCI-E, except for as for installation of a videocard. However, it is simple to be convinced, that now it is already possible and to get any adapter with the modern interface. Other question, what not so often last are necessary. If the southern bridge of a modern chipset presumes to organize RAID-massiv from four disks, what to sense from a two-port card? Odin-dva the wire network interface is already on any payment — seldom when it is necessary to buy network cards still. Unless controllers of external interfaces have high correctness, but also that not for all. At the same time till notebook pc card now practically there are no devices mass and necessary to much users, such as sound cards or TV-tyunery'. And, most likely, they still more many time — for nizkoskorostny'h devices transition with PCI on PCI-E does not bear any practical advantage (sometimes even it is harmful), therefore manufacturers do not see sense especially to strain. However, for installation of such devices it is quite often possible to manage available on a payment slotami PCI, as a last resort, having taken advantage of external devices with USB-interfeysom. So not solved problems already for a long time are not present. Other question what to solve them usually it is necessary in notebook pc card a complex. Thus, as it happens in increasing frequency, in case of modernization of a computer with very high probability it will not be possible to keep old devices that does partial modernization maloopravdannoy.
Other discussions in conference: