It is the most standard metrics for an estimation of distinctions between two sequences. Undoubtedly, it has a set of lacks. It is possible to think up huge quantity of sequences on which this metrics not absolutely adequately conducts itself. For example, two staff, have lifted brightness of one of which on one unit (from, say, 255). Or two staff, differing in one pixel � on the first pixel white, and on the second � black. In both examples you hardly can catch distinctions in the staff approximately, but from the point of view of PSNR the staff will differ considerably! However, despite of all lacks, metrics PSNR the majority of developers of codecs for the analysis of the results till now uses. This metrics is understood and admits all professionals in the computer consumer guide notebook field of coding video. For this reason we have chosen PSNR as the basic metrics Sense of schedules PSNR/Frame size On the schedule dependence of a parameter of the metrics on the average size of the staff is represented. Each branch corresponds to the certain codec. Branches are constructed on reference points, each of which corresponds concrete bitreytu. It is well visible, that on each branch is on ten points (each sequence is compressed on adjustments bitreyta). Happens, that the codec does not keep bitreyt and with different adjustments bitreyta compresses equally. In such cases, obviously, on a branch of the codec it is located less than ten reference points. For comparison of codecs on these schedules it is necessary to pay attention to how branches of codecs are highly located. Than above there is a branch � that above on the average quality of the sequence compressed by the given codec. On the aforesaid as an example computer consumer guide notebook figure it is visible, that on high bitreyte Videosoft has compressed sequence with smaller losses of quality in comparison with other codecs. The technique of testing Sequence of actions participates In testing nine films (see below). Each film is compressed ten times with different bitreytami (kbit/s): 100, 225, 340, 460, 700, 938, 1140, 1340, 1840, 2340. Thus, for each codec films are generated. Then for each film metrics PSNR is calculated. And the specified metrics is calculated for each staff. Further for construction of the schedule corresponding numbers, depending on type of the schedule are used. Problems and rules of testing the Primary goal put a comparative estimation of quality of codecs at their nonprofessional use for compression of films. Accordingly the estimation was spent on the sequences processed by the simple widespread filter deinterleysinga, and parameters of the codec undertook by default. Rules of testing: Calculation PSNR was made by means of the program luv_avi. The size of the staff was considered as private computer consumer guide notebook the size of film and quantity of the staff. Value of ordinate on schedules Delta is calculated as difference PSNR for these codecs and codec DivX. At testing codecs which impose the trade mark on the compressed film, the trade mark was replaced with a black rectangular and on the initial not compressed film the same rectangular was imposed. Further comparison was made For the codecs which are being VfW (Video for Windows), compression was spent by means of program VirtualDub 1.5.4. For the codecs working on interface DirectShow, compression was spent by means of program GraphEdit (build 011008). For codecs which were established as separate appendices for compression, compression was spent by means of this appendix. For codecs which compressed film not in a format avi, and in the internal format, for reception avi program GraphEdit (build 011008) and the decoder delivered with the codec was used. Codec MainConcept inserted the superfluous staff into the decoded sequence. For time-lapse comparison it was necessary to delete this staff manually by means of program VirtualDub. Thus the file computer consumer guide notebook was considered suitable for comparison if in the corrected film last the staff visually coincided with the last the staff in initial film. The most widespread question in occasion of this testing � � And with what adjustments codecs were tested? � . In, in different places we have answered it times � with adjustments by default! It means the following. We took pure operational system and installed on it the codec. Adjustments which it has exposed thus, we considered as adjustments by default. During testing we changed only one parameter � bitreyt. So that to look all parameters, it is necessary to you only anew proinstallirovat' the codec interesting you. Sequences Film Number of the staff the Sanction and color space bankomatdi 3 7 x 3 (RGB) battle 15 7 x 2 (RGB) bbc3di 3 7 x 5 (RGB) foreman 3 3 x 2 (RGB) susidi 3 7 x 5 (RGB) On different sequences codecs show different results. For example, effectively to compress sequence from the identical staff it is much easier, than the sequence consisting of essentially differing pictures. There are also other characteristics of sequences � the size computer consumer guide notebook of the staff, zashumle'nnost', the length of sequence, type of movement of the chamber, etc. For our testing we have chosen standard sequences. Of them manufacturers of codecs for testing the products use many. Certainly, these sequences do not cover all set of films � here there is no either cartoon films, or video from a tuner. In the further we plan to expand number of sequences. A part 2: Schedules on PSNR for all codecs Schedules Y-PSNR - Frame Size On these schedules dynamics of dependence of quality of the compressed film from its size is well visible. Coordinates of reference points of the diagram are averages on film of value of the metrics and the size of the staff. Thus, each branch has on ten points, corresponding a miscellaneous bitreytam. Delta Y-PSNR are schedules relative PSNR. As referensnogo the codec it is chosen DivX 5.1.1. For each gauging on the schedule of the concrete codec the difference of this gauging and value computer consumer guide notebook PSNR for referensnogo the codec with the same bitreytom undertook. At absence of value, PSNR referensnogo the codec it turned out linear interpolation. Y-PSNR Sequence battle Delta Y-PSNR Sequence battle conclusions On low bitreytah DivX strongly concedes to codecs VSS_main, Fraunhofer, Ateme. On average and high bitreytah the codec from Ateme advances all other codecs. In other types of schedules for various sequences and videocodecs are presented: V-PSNR, U-PSNR, Y-difference and bitrate-handling. A part 3: Time-lapse comparison of videocodecs On these schedules is well visible, as quality of compression of the separate staff codecs changes. On axis X numbers of the corresponding staff, and on axis Y � PSNR codecs are postponed at comparison with the original. Sequence bankomatdi. Bitrate 1 kb/sec Sequence bankomatdi. Bitrate 23 kb/sec the Part 4: Visual comparison of videocodecs In the compressed sequences the different staff have the various quality depending on many parameters, both the sequence, and adjustments of the codec. For example, quality of the staff is influenced with such parameter, as type of this staff � compressed independently, in view of one previous or the several staff (I, P and B the staff). For different codecs the same staff of computer consumer guide notebook sequence can have various quality. For example, if we shall find the staff, which first codec has coded independently, and the second � with use previous, most likely, the staff of the first codec it will be looked better. Thus, for any two codecs in sequence it is possible to find the staff at whom one of codecs is looked better another. For visual comparison we chose the staff on whom the difference between codecs is maximal. Comparison was spent between codecs from company Ateme and company DivXNetworks, Inc. Bitreyt 7 Kbit/s. Sequences for comparison: bbc3di and foreman. Sequence bbc3di, the staff 2 Sequence foreman, the staff 2 Conclusions At identical value of metrics PSNR codecs of standard H.2 show noticeably best visual quality. The majority of codecs are obviously optimized for achievement of the maximal speed of coding on today's configurations and do not use all opportunities given by format H.264. At comparison of codecs always it would be desirable to learn, who as a result the best. Often at the answer to similar questions there are conclusions like � H.2 better DivX on %! � computer consumer guide notebook . However codecs can be compared on many parameters � to quality of the compressed sequences, ability to hold set bitreyt, to speed, convenience to use, the size installyatora, to beauty of a trade mark, etc. And for different problems separate parameters can be unequally important. For example, if you wish to compress a television signal, for you speed of work of the codec is important if to write down the compressed films on CD � that accuracy of observance bitreyta and if have decided to make archive of digitized video � that is important, most likely, the defining factor is quality of the compressed sequences. As it has been told above, the given text is strongly reduced and otkommentirovanny'm a variant of comparison of the videocodecs intended first of all for professional users and manufacturers of codecs. This testing has volume pdf-stranic, contains comparisons of all specified in the beginning of clause of videocodecs, set of schedules and the figures which have been not resulted in given clause. We express gratitude to companies Moonlight Cordless LTD, Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS and Ateme for the codecs kindly given for given testing inaccessible publicly. Laboratory computer schedules VMiK computer consumer guide notebook the Moscow State University the Head: Dmitry Vatolin Zamery, processing: Dmitry Kulikov, Alexander Parshin Podgotovka: Stas Soldatov Opublikovano � On April, 4th, 20 Other discussions in conference: Comments? Amendments? Additions? [all clauses in section Digital Video]

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